Which type of RNA is responsible for carrying amino acids to the ribosome?

• A. Messenger RNA (mRNA)
• B. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
• C. Transfer RNA (tRNA)
• D. Small nuclear RNA (snRNA)

Answer: (C)

Transfer RNA (tRNA) is the type of RNA responsible for carrying amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis. Each tRNA molecule has a specific structure that allows it to match its corresponding amino acid with a three-nucleotide sequence, called an anticodon, on messenger RNA (mRNA) at the ribosome. This process ensures that the correct amino acids are added to the growing polypeptide chain in the sequence dictated by the mRNA coding.

tRNA plays a crucial role in translating the genetic information from the mRNA into a functional protein by facilitating the assembly of amino acids in the order specified by the mRNA transcript. This accuracy in translation is essential for proper protein function and overall cellular activity.

Other types of RNA mentioned in the options have different roles. For example, messenger RNA (mRNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where it provides the template for protein synthesis. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is a structural component of ribosomes and is involved in the catalysis of peptide bonds during protein synthesis. Small nuclear RNA (snRNA) is primarily involved in the splicing of pre-mRNA in eukaryotic cells. Each of these types of RNA contributes to the process of gene expression