What is the term for the genetic makeup of an organism?

• A. Phenotype
• B. Genotype
• C. Chromotype
• D. Karyotype

Answer: (B)

The correct answer is associated with the term "genotype," which refers to the specific genetic constitution of an organism—the unique set of genes inherited from its parents. This genetic makeup determines various traits and characteristics, influencing how the organism develops and functions.

In contrast, the "phenotype" represents the observable characteristics or traits of an organism, which result from the interaction of its genotype with the environment. "Chromotype" is not a standard term in genetics, so it does not adequately describe any known genetic concept. Lastly, "karyotype" refers to the number and appearance of chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell, used to assess chromosomal abnormalities but does not encapsulate the entire genetic makeup as the genotype does.